Typewriting machine



July 3, 1923a f? E. B. HEss TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed sem. 2o. 1921connected therewith.

Patented t.liuibv 3, 195m UNITED sra..

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Application filed September 20, 199A.

To all co from t muy concer/a lle it known that l, lilnwnun l. lines, acitizen oi` the United titates residing at lvlanhattan iieach, in thecoun-ty of Kings, New Yorlr, and State ot New "York, have inventedcertain new and useiul improvements in; Typewriting ll/lachines, ofwhich the following is a specilication.

This inveirtion. relates particularly to type actions 'lor' typewritingmachines and esp4 ciali-y to that cl olf.,type actions in which the typebars are actuated by the liey levers through other levers:interposedbetween the hey levers and the type bars and operatively lin one formoli such type actions the interposed levers are in the torni olibel`lg-cranh or two armed levers and they are connected; with the rearportions ci the keylevers and with the rear ends" or heels of the typebars. The construction in. such type actions is such that when the heyaare depressed the type bars are rapidly moved :from positions ot restdirectly and without inte]'ruption` to the printing point on the platen;ln such machines the type bars strike the platen with considerable'torce and. objectionable noise is produced which, according to myinvention, is greatly de creased. In my U. S. Patent No. 1,390,708 otSeptember 13, 192i, I have shown type actions in which provision is made'for reducing the noise made by the impact of the type bars onthe platenand therefore l do not herein; claim broadly type actions which are soconstructed as to reduce such noises, but acording' to my presentinvention such broader invention is adapted to mechanism of somewhatdilierent construction troni that shown in such patent. i

In. machines ot the character before described, it is common to actuatethe escape'- ment mechanism by the type bars which. operate directlyupon the imiversal bar mechanism, while the type bars are being movedrapidly ltoward the platen. i-lrccordinp' to one part oli my presentinvention the escape ment is not operated d urin fr the initial por`tion of the movement oli the type bars, but is operated during thelatter part thereof during what isicalled'in my prior patent themomentum period, it being;1 understood that the type bars are moved by aYlull depression of the keys to a point considerably in advance o'l the`platemthe further movement of the type bars to the platen being serialne. 501,593.

depression ot' a key the associated type bar is moved only 11o aposition considerably in advance ot the platen ali'id the type bar ismoved to the printing` point bythe momeupum of the type bar during whichperiod the linger ofthe operator is usually on the key and the key makesa slight return movement which is resisted by the linger oli theiipcrator. lt will further be understood that when the key is fullydepressed certainl parts oit the mechanism interposed; between the keylevers and the type bars assume a tonle-loclrinzcr or dead-centerposition which is an important iieature of the coiiistruction.

i In the accompanying drawings, y

.Figure l is a view, largely diagrammatic, olf portions olf atypewriting machine embodying` my improvements, some parts beingl shownin side elevation andsome in section and the position et some partsbeing slightly eieiggerated i'for purposes of illustration;

`Fig'. 2 is a detail view illustrating` the link connection between theheel of a type bar and the upper end of a bell-crank lever interposedbetween the type bar and a key lever. This ligure ot the drawing showsthe parts in dead-center or toggledocking position when the pivot pointsat oppositev ends o'l the link are in a` straight line with the pivot ofthe type bar. This ligure also shows how the heel oi the type bar makes`contact* with the universal bar at the commencement ol" the momentumperiod. i

l? 3 is a view similar to Fig; 2, but illuf5`` trates the positions ofthe parts after they have passed the dead-center position during themomentum period, and this ligure oi' the drawing also shows how the typebars en- `rage the universalbar mechanism `and operate it during` themomentum period. y

iin .Figure l of the drawings parts ot a typewriter carriage areindicated at rl,and B indicates a platen. C indicates a type barsegment, D `a type bar guide and E parts of a ribbon guide. Escapementmechanism is indicated at l?, a key lever at Gr and a type bar at l-l.The type bars normally lie horisoi zontally, their rear ends beingpivoted to the segment at c and their' front ends being supported by acushioned rest I. The rear ends of the key levers are pivoted at z' to asupport J` and the'upward movement of the front portions of the keylevers is arrested by a cushioned stop K. Each type bar H is formed witha heel having a rear ortion h, which is connected by a spring with aspring support M and the heel of each type bar is formed with a cammededge 7L so shaped as to properly operate the universal barfmechanism,ashereinafter described. It will be observed that the pivots c of the typebars are arranged in rear of the front face of the segmentvand in factwithin the body of the segment, being thus largely protected from dust,while the segment is so formed as to permit the heels of the type barsto operate freely during their excursion toward and from the platen. Thesprings L serve to return the type bars to their horizontal position ofrest and to prevent vibration. y

Each type bar is operated by devices inter posed between it and anassociated key lever, such devices being located immediately below thepivots of the type bars. These devices comprise a two-armed lever N anda link O. Each interposed lever N is pivoted at 0 to the support J andits shorter arm is connected to the associated key lever by a slot andpin connection o', while the longer arm of the lever is connected to theheel of the associated type bar by the link O. The pivots 0 of thelevers are in substantially the same vertical plane as. the pivots ofthe type bars. The links O have pivotal connections at their oppositeends with the levers N and the heels of the type bars and when the partsare in normal position the connections between the links and type barsare considerably in rear of the pivots of the type bars and at that timethe angle between each lever N 'and each link O is substantially a rightangle so that when a lever N is operated there is a direct pull on thetype bar during the initial movement of the key lever. At this time alsothe angle between a link and the associated type bar is approximately450.

The escapement mechanism is of substantially the same construction asthat employed on the Royal Standard machines. The rocker plate R carriesan arm i", equipped with a roller 1"', and this roller bears against anarm s of the universal bar mechanism, which latter is operated by thetype bars. The universal bar mechanism comprises a frame S, pivoted attto arms t', projecting downwards from a horizontally arranged shaft T.At its front end the frame carries a semi-circular part U with which theheels of the type bars engage during their excursion to the platen andthe forwardpart of the frame S also carries aguide finger u, projectingthrough the segment C. A spring o attached to the rocker plate R and tothe arm t serves to hold the universal bar mechanism in forward positionand to return it to such position after being moved rearwardly. Theforward movement of the universal bar mechanism is limited by anadjustable screw V.

Normally the heels of the type bar are out of contact with the universalbar, but as soon as the type bars reach the position shown at X in Fig.l, when the momentum period of the type bars commence at such time orthereafter, the cammed edges l1. of the bars engage the universal bar,move it rearwardly and operate the escapement.

l/Vhen a key lever is depressed to its full extent, as indicated bydotted lines in Fig. 1, the interposed lever N, the link 0 and the typebar H are moved to the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, thetype bar being` moved to a position indicated by dotted lines at X. Whenthus moved it will be observed by reference to Fig. 1 and also to Fig. 2that the pivot points y, y. at opposite ends of the link t) are in adirect line with the pivot c of the type bar, in other words in adead-center or togglelocking position, and there is no further downwardmovement of the key lever. Then in this position the type bar occupiesthe position shown at X. Its further move ment to the platen is causedby the momentum of the type bar and not by the depression of the keylever, which latter. in fact. is never depressed further, but during themomentum period has a slight rising movement which is resisted to someextent by the finger of' the operator. llxlicrience has demonstratedthat by this construction and this operation the noise caused by impactof the type on the platen is very greatly rcduced, and furthermore theuniversal bar is operated only during the momentum period of the typebars.

It will be observed that the arm .e ol the universal bar mechanism isnever out ot' contact with the eseapement mechanism and thus noise whichwould otherwise be produced by the strikingof the arm against the rollerof the escapement mechanism is prevented.

The part .I serves to support both the key levers and the interposedlevers and the construction is such as to cover theI pivots of the keylevers.

Thile I have particularly described certain details of construct-ionshown in the accompanying drawings, it will be understood that I haveshown only one way of embodying my improvements and many of the detailsof construction. shown may be varied.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a typcwriting machine the combination with the key levers and typebars ot levers `interposed between the rear portions of the 4key leversand the rear portions of: the type bars which are operatively `connectedwith the key levers and have link connections with thetype bars in therear of their pivots, the points oi` connections ot each link with itstype bar and interposed lever being so related that a i'ull depressionofthe key lever moves them into a straight line with the type bar pivot,thetype bar then being at a considerable distance from the platen and`completing its movement by its own momentum.

2. In a typewriting machine the combination with the key levers and typebars ot two-armed levers interposed between the rear portions oi the keylevers and the rear portions of the type bars and which have theirshorter arms operatively connected with the key levers and the longerarms oli' which have link connections with the type bars in the rear ofthe type bar pivots, the points of connection of each link with its typebar and interposed level' being so related that a full `depression ofthe key lever moves them into a straight line with the type bar pivot,the type bar then being at a considerable distance from the platen andcompleting its movement by its own momentum.

3. In a typewriting machine the combination with the key levers and thetype bars ot levers interposed between the rear portions of the keylevers and the rear portions of the type bars and which have tog gleconnections with the type bars, the vpoints ot connection of the toggles`with the type bars and with the key levers being so related that eachtype bar is moved by the full depression of a key to a toggle-lockingposition in front of the platen and at such distance therefrom as toreduce noise during the further movement of a type bar about its pivotto the platen caused by the momentum oit the type bar.

fi. In a typewriting machine the combination with the key levers and thetype bars of two-armed levers interposed between the rear portions olthe key levers and the type bars which are operatively connected withthe key levers and have link connections with thetype bars in rear otand below the type bar pivots, the points of connection of the linkswith the interposed levers and the type bars being so related that eachtype bar is moved by the full depression of a key to a dead-centerposition in trent ot the platen and at such distance therefrom as toreduce noise during the further movement o'lI the type bar about itspivot to the platen caused by the momentum of the type bar.

5. ln a typewriting machine the combination with lthe key levers and thetyipe bars, oi levers interposed between the rear portions ot the keylevers and the rear por tions of the type bars which are `operativelyconnected with the key levers andihave link connections with the typebars in the. rear ci? their pivots, the points ot connection o'leafchlink with its type bar andinterlgiosed lever being so related thataflull depression ot the key lever moves them into a straight line withthe type bar pivot, esca-pement mechanisin, and universal bar mechanismin con-` stant engagement therewith and first engaged by the type barswhen ythe key lever is fully! depressed and operated by the type barduring its travel by momentun'i to the printing point.

6. ln a typewriting machine the combination with the key levers and thetype bars of levers interposed between the rear portions of the typebars and the rear portions of the key levers, and which have toggleconnections Witli the type bars, the points of connections ot thetoggles with the type bars and with the key levers being so related thateach type bar is moved by the tull depression of key to a toggle lockingposition in :front ot the platen and at such distance therefrom as 'toreduce noise during the fun ther movement ot' a tylpe bar about itspivot to the platen. caused by the momentum oil the type bar, escapementmechanism, and universal bar mechanism in constant engagement therewithand engaged by type bar only at the full depression ci the key and movedto operate the escapement mechanisnr during `said momentum movement oilthe type bar.

7. ln a typewriting machine the combination with the key levers and typebars both o'l which lie in substantially horizontal planes, oittwo-armed levers interposed between the type bars and the keyl leversand operatively connected with the key levers, and links extendingforwardly trom the type bars at an acute angle thereto and connected tothe upper endsot the two-armed levers, the points et' connection oi'each link with its type bar and interposed lever being so related that alull depression ot the key lever moves them into a straight line withthe type bar pivot, the type bar then being at a considerable distance'from the platen and completing its movement. by its own momentum.

8. ln a typewriting machine the combination with the key levers and typebars both of which lie in substantially horizontal planes, ot two-armedlevers interposed between the type bars and the key| levers and havingtheir lower and shorter arms connected to rthe key levers, and linksextending at an acute angle to the type bars and connected tothe longerarms ot the interposed levers, the points ot connection ot each linkwith its type bar being so related that a full depression ot the keylever moves them into a straight line with the type bar pivot, Whilethelnk extends at anobtuse angle to the ytype bar, the type bar thenbeing at a con- '9. In a visible Writing machine the com.

bination Withkey levershaving their finger pieces near ythe front'of'the machine and type bars whose free ends lie-toward the front;ofthemaehine, of intermediate two armed levers, the short arm of eaehtwoarmed lever being operatively Connected to the key lever intermediateits length, and

n a link connection extending forwardly from the heel of each type barand operatively Connected to the upper and longer arm ot the two-armedlever, the Connection ofthe link to the lever andthe link itself movinginto a straight line with the type bar pivot upon a. full depression ofthe key lever. the type bar then being at a considerable distance fromthe platen and completing its movement by its own momentum.

In testimony Whereotl l have hereunto subscribed my name.

EDWARD B. HE MS.

